utf8_to_ascii() static public method

US-ASCII transliterations of Unicode text
static public utf8_to_ascii ( $str ) : string
$str string input string
return string
 /**
  * @copydoc Filter::process()
  * @param $input string
  * @return MetadataDescription
  */
 function &process(&$input)
 {
     $citationString =& $input;
     $nullVar = null;
     // Check the availability of perl
     $perlCommand = Config::getVar('cli', 'perl');
     if (empty($perlCommand) || !file_exists($perlCommand)) {
         return $nullVar;
     }
     // Convert to ASCII - Paracite doesn't handle UTF-8 well
     $citationString = PKPString::utf8_to_ascii($citationString);
     // Call the paracite parser
     $wrapperScript = dirname(__FILE__) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'paracite.pl';
     $paraciteCommand = $perlCommand . ' ' . escapeshellarg($wrapperScript) . ' ' . $this->getCitationModule() . ' ' . escapeshellarg($citationString);
     $xmlResult = shell_exec($paraciteCommand);
     if (empty($xmlResult)) {
         return $nullVar;
     }
     if (Config::getVar('i18n', 'charset_normalization') == 'On' && !PKPString::utf8_compliant($xmlResult)) {
         $xmlResult = PKPString::utf8_normalize($xmlResult);
     }
     // Create a temporary DOM document
     $resultDOM = new DOMDocument();
     $resultDOM->recover = true;
     $resultDOM->loadXML($xmlResult);
     // Extract the parser results as an array
     $xmlHelper = new XMLHelper();
     $metadata = $xmlHelper->xmlToArray($resultDOM->documentElement);
     // We have to merge subtitle and title as neither OpenURL
     // nor NLM can handle subtitles.
     if (isset($metadata['subtitle'])) {
         $metadata['title'] .= '. ' . $metadata['subtitle'];
         unset($metadata['subtitle']);
     }
     // Break up the authors field
     if (isset($metadata['authors'])) {
         $metadata['authors'] = PKPString::trimPunctuation($metadata['authors']);
         $metadata['authors'] = PKPString::iterativeExplode(array(':', ';'), $metadata['authors']);
     }
     // Convert pages to integers
     foreach (array('spage', 'epage') as $pageProperty) {
         if (isset($metadata[$pageProperty])) {
             $metadata[$pageProperty] = (int) $metadata[$pageProperty];
         }
     }
     // Convert titles to title case
     foreach (array('title', 'chapter', 'publication') as $titleProperty) {
         if (isset($metadata[$titleProperty])) {
             $metadata[$titleProperty] = PKPString::titleCase($metadata[$titleProperty]);
         }
     }
     // Map ParaCite results to OpenURL - null means
     // throw the value away.
     $metadataMapping = array('genre' => 'genre', '_class' => null, 'any' => null, 'authors' => 'au', 'aufirst' => 'aufirst', 'aufull' => null, 'auinit' => 'auinit', 'aulast' => 'aulast', 'atitle' => 'atitle', 'cappublication' => null, 'captitle' => null, 'date' => 'date', 'epage' => 'epage', 'featureID' => null, 'id' => null, 'issue' => 'issue', 'jnl_epos' => null, 'jnl_spos' => null, 'match' => null, 'marked' => null, 'num_of_fig' => null, 'pages' => 'pages', 'publisher' => 'pub', 'publoc' => 'place', 'ref' => null, 'rest_text' => null, 'spage' => 'spage', 'targetURL' => 'url', 'text' => null, 'ucpublication' => null, 'uctitle' => null, 'volume' => 'volume', 'year' => 'date');
     // Ignore 'year' if 'date' is set
     if (isset($metadata['date'])) {
         $metadataMapping['year'] = null;
     }
     // Set default genre
     if (empty($metadata['genre'])) {
         $metadata['genre'] = OPENURL10_GENRE_ARTICLE;
     }
     // Handle title, chapter and publication depending on
     // the (inferred) genre. Also instantiate the target schema.
     switch ($metadata['genre']) {
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_BOOK:
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_BOOKITEM:
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_REPORT:
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_DOCUMENT:
             $metadataMapping += array('publication' => 'btitle', 'chapter' => 'atitle');
             if (isset($metadata['title'])) {
                 if (!isset($metadata['publication'])) {
                     $metadata['publication'] = $metadata['title'];
                 } elseif (!isset($metadata['chapter'])) {
                     $metadata['chapter'] = $metadata['title'];
                 }
                 unset($metadata['title']);
             }
             $openurl10SchemaName = 'lib.pkp.plugins.metadata.openurl10.schema.Openurl10BookSchema';
             $openurl10SchemaClass = 'Openurl10BookSchema';
             break;
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_ARTICLE:
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_JOURNAL:
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_ISSUE:
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_CONFERENCE:
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_PROCEEDING:
         case OPENURL10_GENRE_PREPRINT:
         default:
             $metadataMapping += array('publication' => 'jtitle');
             if (isset($metadata['title'])) {
                 if (!isset($metadata['publication'])) {
                     $metadata['publication'] = $metadata['title'];
                 } elseif (!isset($metadata['atitle'])) {
                     $metadata['atitle'] = $metadata['title'];
                 }
                 unset($metadata['title']);
             }
             $openurl10SchemaName = 'lib.pkp.plugins.metadata.openurl10.schema.Openurl10JournalSchema';
             $openurl10SchemaClass = 'Openurl10JournalSchema';
             break;
     }
     // Instantiate an OpenURL description
     $openurl10Description = new MetadataDescription($openurl10SchemaName, ASSOC_TYPE_CITATION);
     $openurl10Schema = new $openurl10SchemaClass();
     // Map the ParaCite result to OpenURL
     foreach ($metadata as $paraciteElementName => $paraciteValue) {
         if (!empty($paraciteValue)) {
             // Trim punctuation
             if (is_string($paraciteValue)) {
                 $paraciteValue = PKPString::trimPunctuation($paraciteValue);
             }
             // Transfer the value to the OpenURL result array
             assert(array_key_exists($paraciteElementName, $metadataMapping));
             $openurl10PropertyName = $metadataMapping[$paraciteElementName];
             if (!is_null($openurl10PropertyName) && $openurl10Schema->hasProperty($openurl10PropertyName)) {
                 if (is_array($paraciteValue)) {
                     foreach ($paraciteValue as $singleValue) {
                         $success = $openurl10Description->addStatement($openurl10PropertyName, $singleValue);
                         assert($success);
                     }
                 } else {
                     $success = $openurl10Description->addStatement($openurl10PropertyName, $paraciteValue);
                     assert($success);
                 }
             }
         }
     }
     // Crosswalk to NLM
     $crosswalkFilter = new Openurl10Nlm30CitationSchemaCrosswalkFilter();
     $nlm30Description =& $crosswalkFilter->execute($openurl10Description);
     assert(is_a($nlm30Description, 'MetadataDescription'));
     // Add 'rest_text' as NLM comment (if given)
     if (isset($metadata['rest_text'])) {
         $nlm30Description->addStatement('comment', PKPString::trimPunctuation($metadata['rest_text']));
     }
     // Set display name and sequence id in the meta-data description
     // to the corresponding values from the filter. This is important
     // so that we later know which result came from which filter.
     $nlm30Description->setDisplayName($this->getDisplayName());
     $nlm30Description->setSequence($this->getSequence());
     return $nlm30Description;
 }