/**
* QR Decomposition computed by Householder reflections.
*
* @param matrix $A Rectangular matrix
* @return Structure to access R and the Householder vectors and compute Q.
*/
public function __construct($A)
{
if ($A instanceof PHPExcel_Shared_JAMA_Matrix) {
// Initialize.
$this->QR = $A->getArrayCopy();
$this->m = $A->getRowDimension();
$this->n = $A->getColumnDimension();
// Main loop.
for ($k = 0; $k < $this->n; ++$k) {
// Compute 2-norm of k-th column without under/overflow.
$nrm = 0.0;
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$nrm = hypo($nrm, $this->QR[$i][$k]);
}
if ($nrm != 0.0) {
// Form k-th Householder vector.
if ($this->QR[$k][$k] < 0) {
$nrm = -$nrm;
}
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$this->QR[$i][$k] /= $nrm;
}
$this->QR[$k][$k] += 1.0;
// Apply transformation to remaining columns.
for ($j = $k + 1; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
$s = 0.0;
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$s += $this->QR[$i][$k] * $this->QR[$i][$j];
}
$s = -$s / $this->QR[$k][$k];
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$this->QR[$i][$j] += $s * $this->QR[$i][$k];
}
}
}
$this->Rdiag[$k] = -$nrm;
}
} else {
throw new Exception(PHPExcel_Shared_JAMA_Matrix::ArgumentTypeException);
}
}
/**
* QR Decomposition computed by Householder reflections.
* @param matrix $A Rectangular matrix
* @return Structure to access R and the Householder vectors and compute Q.
*/
function QRDecomposition($A)
{
if (is_a($A, 'Matrix')) {
// Initialize.
$this->QR = $A->getArrayCopy();
$this->m = $A->getRowDimension();
$this->n = $A->getColumnDimension();
// Main loop.
for ($k = 0; $k < $this->n; $k++) {
// Compute 2-norm of k-th column without under/overflow.
$nrm = 0.0;
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; $i++) {
$nrm = hypo($nrm, $this->QR[$i][$k]);
}
if ($nrm != 0.0) {
// Form k-th Householder vector.
if ($this->QR[$k][$k] < 0) {
$nrm = -$nrm;
}
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; $i++) {
$this->QR[$i][$k] /= $nrm;
}
$this->QR[$k][$k] += 1.0;
// Apply transformation to remaining columns.
for ($j = $k + 1; $j < $this->n; $j++) {
$s = 0.0;
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; $i++) {
$s += $this->QR[$i][$k] * $this->QR[$i][$j];
}
$s = -$s / $this->QR[$k][$k];
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; $i++) {
$this->QR[$i][$j] += $s * $this->QR[$i][$k];
}
}
}
$this->Rdiag[$k] = -$nrm;
}
} else {
trigger_error(ArgumentTypeException, ERROR);
}
}
/**
* normF
* Frobenius norm
* @return float Square root of the sum of all elements squared
*/
function normF()
{
$f = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; $i++) {
for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; $j++) {
$f = hypo($f, $this->A[$i][$j]);
}
}
return $f;
}
/**
* normF
*
* Frobenius norm
* @return float Square root of the sum of all elements squared
*/
public function normF()
{
$f = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
$f = hypo($f, $this->A[$i][$j]);
}
}
return $f;
}
/**
* Symmetric tridiagonal QL algorithm.
*
* This is derived from the Algol procedures tql2, by
* Bowdler, Martin, Reinsch, and Wilkinson, Handbook for
* Auto. Comp., Vol.ii-Linear Algebra, and the corresponding
* Fortran subroutine in EISPACK.
*
* @access private
*/
private function tql2()
{
for ($i = 1; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$this->e[$i - 1] = $this->e[$i];
}
$this->e[$this->n - 1] = 0.0;
$f = 0.0;
$tst1 = 0.0;
$eps = pow(2.0, -52.0);
for ($l = 0; $l < $this->n; ++$l) {
// Find small subdiagonal element
$tst1 = max($tst1, abs($this->d[$l]) + abs($this->e[$l]));
$m = $l;
while ($m < $this->n) {
if (abs($this->e[$m]) <= $eps * $tst1) {
break;
}
++$m;
}
// If m == l, $this->d[l] is an eigenvalue,
// otherwise, iterate.
if ($m > $l) {
$iter = 0;
do {
// Could check iteration count here.
$iter += 1;
// Compute implicit shift
$g = $this->d[$l];
$p = ($this->d[$l + 1] - $g) / (2.0 * $this->e[$l]);
$r = hypo($p, 1.0);
if ($p < 0) {
$r *= -1;
}
$this->d[$l] = $this->e[$l] / ($p + $r);
$this->d[$l + 1] = $this->e[$l] * ($p + $r);
$dl1 = $this->d[$l + 1];
$h = $g - $this->d[$l];
for ($i = $l + 2; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$this->d[$i] -= $h;
}
$f += $h;
// Implicit QL transformation.
$p = $this->d[$m];
$c = 1.0;
$c2 = $c3 = $c;
$el1 = $this->e[$l + 1];
$s = $s2 = 0.0;
for ($i = $m - 1; $i >= $l; --$i) {
$c3 = $c2;
$c2 = $c;
$s2 = $s;
$g = $c * $this->e[$i];
$h = $c * $p;
$r = hypo($p, $this->e[$i]);
$this->e[$i + 1] = $s * $r;
$s = $this->e[$i] / $r;
$c = $p / $r;
$p = $c * $this->d[$i] - $s * $g;
$this->d[$i + 1] = $h + $s * ($c * $g + $s * $this->d[$i]);
// Accumulate transformation.
for ($k = 0; $k < $this->n; ++$k) {
$h = $this->V[$k][$i + 1];
$this->V[$k][$i + 1] = $s * $this->V[$k][$i] + $c * $h;
$this->V[$k][$i] = $c * $this->V[$k][$i] - $s * $h;
}
}
$p = -$s * $s2 * $c3 * $el1 * $this->e[$l] / $dl1;
$this->e[$l] = $s * $p;
$this->d[$l] = $c * $p;
// Check for convergence.
} while (abs($this->e[$l]) > $eps * $tst1);
}
$this->d[$l] = $this->d[$l] + $f;
$this->e[$l] = 0.0;
}
// Sort eigenvalues and corresponding vectors.
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->n - 1; ++$i) {
$k = $i;
$p = $this->d[$i];
for ($j = $i + 1; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
if ($this->d[$j] < $p) {
$k = $j;
$p = $this->d[$j];
}
}
if ($k != $i) {
$this->d[$k] = $this->d[$i];
$this->d[$i] = $p;
for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
$p = $this->V[$j][$i];
$this->V[$j][$i] = $this->V[$j][$k];
$this->V[$j][$k] = $p;
}
}
}
}
/**
* Construct the singular value decomposition
*
* Derived from LINPACK code.
*
* @param $A Rectangular matrix
* @return Structure to access U, S and V.
*/
public function __construct($Arg)
{
// Initialize.
$A = $Arg->getArrayCopy();
$this->m = $Arg->getRowDimension();
$this->n = $Arg->getColumnDimension();
$nu = min($this->m, $this->n);
$e = array();
$work = array();
$wantu = true;
$wantv = true;
$nct = min($this->m - 1, $this->n);
$nrt = max(0, min($this->n - 2, $this->m));
// Reduce A to bidiagonal form, storing the diagonal elements
// in s and the super-diagonal elements in e.
for ($k = 0; $k < max($nct, $nrt); ++$k) {
if ($k < $nct) {
// Compute the transformation for the k-th column and
// place the k-th diagonal in s[$k].
// Compute 2-norm of k-th column without under/overflow.
$this->s[$k] = 0;
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$this->s[$k] = hypo($this->s[$k], $A[$i][$k]);
}
if ($this->s[$k] != 0.0) {
if ($A[$k][$k] < 0.0) {
$this->s[$k] = -$this->s[$k];
}
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$A[$i][$k] /= $this->s[$k];
}
$A[$k][$k] += 1.0;
}
$this->s[$k] = -$this->s[$k];
}
for ($j = $k + 1; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
if ($k < $nct & $this->s[$k] != 0.0) {
// Apply the transformation.
$t = 0;
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$t += $A[$i][$k] * $A[$i][$j];
}
$t = -$t / $A[$k][$k];
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$A[$i][$j] += $t * $A[$i][$k];
}
// Place the k-th row of A into e for the
// subsequent calculation of the row transformation.
$e[$j] = $A[$k][$j];
}
}
if ($wantu and $k < $nct) {
// Place the transformation in U for subsequent back
// multiplication.
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$this->U[$i][$k] = $A[$i][$k];
}
}
if ($k < $nrt) {
// Compute the k-th row transformation and place the
// k-th super-diagonal in e[$k].
// Compute 2-norm without under/overflow.
$e[$k] = 0;
for ($i = $k + 1; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$e[$k] = hypo($e[$k], $e[$i]);
}
if ($e[$k] != 0.0) {
if ($e[$k + 1] < 0.0) {
$e[$k] = -$e[$k];
}
for ($i = $k + 1; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$e[$i] /= $e[$k];
}
$e[$k + 1] += 1.0;
}
$e[$k] = -$e[$k];
if ($k + 1 < $this->m and $e[$k] != 0.0) {
// Apply the transformation.
for ($i = $k + 1; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$work[$i] = 0.0;
}
for ($j = $k + 1; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
for ($i = $k + 1; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$work[$i] += $e[$j] * $A[$i][$j];
}
}
for ($j = $k + 1; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
$t = -$e[$j] / $e[$k + 1];
for ($i = $k + 1; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$A[$i][$j] += $t * $work[$i];
}
}
}
if ($wantv) {
// Place the transformation in V for subsequent
// back multiplication.
for ($i = $k + 1; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$this->V[$i][$k] = $e[$i];
}
}
}
}
// Set up the final bidiagonal matrix or order p.
$p = min($this->n, $this->m + 1);
if ($nct < $this->n) {
$this->s[$nct] = $A[$nct][$nct];
}
if ($this->m < $p) {
$this->s[$p - 1] = 0.0;
}
if ($nrt + 1 < $p) {
$e[$nrt] = $A[$nrt][$p - 1];
}
$e[$p - 1] = 0.0;
// If required, generate U.
if ($wantu) {
for ($j = $nct; $j < $nu; ++$j) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$this->U[$i][$j] = 0.0;
}
$this->U[$j][$j] = 1.0;
}
for ($k = $nct - 1; $k >= 0; --$k) {
if ($this->s[$k] != 0.0) {
for ($j = $k + 1; $j < $nu; ++$j) {
$t = 0;
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$t += $this->U[$i][$k] * $this->U[$i][$j];
}
$t = -$t / $this->U[$k][$k];
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$this->U[$i][$j] += $t * $this->U[$i][$k];
}
}
for ($i = $k; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$this->U[$i][$k] = -$this->U[$i][$k];
}
$this->U[$k][$k] = 1.0 + $this->U[$k][$k];
for ($i = 0; $i < $k - 1; ++$i) {
$this->U[$i][$k] = 0.0;
}
} else {
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$this->U[$i][$k] = 0.0;
}
$this->U[$k][$k] = 1.0;
}
}
}
// If required, generate V.
if ($wantv) {
for ($k = $this->n - 1; $k >= 0; --$k) {
if ($k < $nrt and $e[$k] != 0.0) {
for ($j = $k + 1; $j < $nu; ++$j) {
$t = 0;
for ($i = $k + 1; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$t += $this->V[$i][$k] * $this->V[$i][$j];
}
$t = -$t / $this->V[$k + 1][$k];
for ($i = $k + 1; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$this->V[$i][$j] += $t * $this->V[$i][$k];
}
}
}
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$this->V[$i][$k] = 0.0;
}
$this->V[$k][$k] = 1.0;
}
}
// Main iteration loop for the singular values.
$pp = $p - 1;
$iter = 0;
$eps = pow(2.0, -52.0);
while ($p > 0) {
// Here is where a test for too many iterations would go.
// This section of the program inspects for negligible
// elements in the s and e arrays. On completion the
// variables kase and k are set as follows:
// kase = 1 if s(p) and e[k-1] are negligible and k<p
// kase = 2 if s(k) is negligible and k<p
// kase = 3 if e[k-1] is negligible, k<p, and
// s(k), ..., s(p) are not negligible (qr step).
// kase = 4 if e(p-1) is negligible (convergence).
for ($k = $p - 2; $k >= -1; --$k) {
if ($k == -1) {
break;
}
if (abs($e[$k]) <= $eps * (abs($this->s[$k]) + abs($this->s[$k + 1]))) {
$e[$k] = 0.0;
break;
}
}
if ($k == $p - 2) {
$kase = 4;
} else {
for ($ks = $p - 1; $ks >= $k; --$ks) {
if ($ks == $k) {
break;
}
$t = ($ks != $p ? abs($e[$ks]) : 0.0) + ($ks != $k + 1 ? abs($e[$ks - 1]) : 0.0);
if (abs($this->s[$ks]) <= $eps * $t) {
$this->s[$ks] = 0.0;
break;
}
}
if ($ks == $k) {
$kase = 3;
} else {
if ($ks == $p - 1) {
$kase = 1;
} else {
$kase = 2;
$k = $ks;
}
}
}
++$k;
// Perform the task indicated by kase.
switch ($kase) {
// Deflate negligible s(p).
case 1:
$f = $e[$p - 2];
$e[$p - 2] = 0.0;
for ($j = $p - 2; $j >= $k; --$j) {
$t = hypo($this->s[$j], $f);
$cs = $this->s[$j] / $t;
$sn = $f / $t;
$this->s[$j] = $t;
if ($j != $k) {
$f = -$sn * $e[$j - 1];
$e[$j - 1] = $cs * $e[$j - 1];
}
if ($wantv) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$t = $cs * $this->V[$i][$j] + $sn * $this->V[$i][$p - 1];
$this->V[$i][$p - 1] = -$sn * $this->V[$i][$j] + $cs * $this->V[$i][$p - 1];
$this->V[$i][$j] = $t;
}
}
}
break;
// Split at negligible s(k).
// Split at negligible s(k).
case 2:
$f = $e[$k - 1];
$e[$k - 1] = 0.0;
for ($j = $k; $j < $p; ++$j) {
$t = hypo($this->s[$j], $f);
$cs = $this->s[$j] / $t;
$sn = $f / $t;
$this->s[$j] = $t;
$f = -$sn * $e[$j];
$e[$j] = $cs * $e[$j];
if ($wantu) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$t = $cs * $this->U[$i][$j] + $sn * $this->U[$i][$k - 1];
$this->U[$i][$k - 1] = -$sn * $this->U[$i][$j] + $cs * $this->U[$i][$k - 1];
$this->U[$i][$j] = $t;
}
}
}
break;
// Perform one qr step.
// Perform one qr step.
case 3:
// Calculate the shift.
$scale = max(max(max(max(abs($this->s[$p - 1]), abs($this->s[$p - 2])), abs($e[$p - 2])), abs($this->s[$k])), abs($e[$k]));
$sp = $this->s[$p - 1] / $scale;
$spm1 = $this->s[$p - 2] / $scale;
$epm1 = $e[$p - 2] / $scale;
$sk = $this->s[$k] / $scale;
$ek = $e[$k] / $scale;
$b = (($spm1 + $sp) * ($spm1 - $sp) + $epm1 * $epm1) / 2.0;
$c = $sp * $epm1 * ($sp * $epm1);
$shift = 0.0;
if ($b != 0.0 || $c != 0.0) {
$shift = sqrt($b * $b + $c);
if ($b < 0.0) {
$shift = -$shift;
}
$shift = $c / ($b + $shift);
}
$f = ($sk + $sp) * ($sk - $sp) + $shift;
$g = $sk * $ek;
// Chase zeros.
for ($j = $k; $j < $p - 1; ++$j) {
$t = hypo($f, $g);
$cs = $f / $t;
$sn = $g / $t;
if ($j != $k) {
$e[$j - 1] = $t;
}
$f = $cs * $this->s[$j] + $sn * $e[$j];
$e[$j] = $cs * $e[$j] - $sn * $this->s[$j];
$g = $sn * $this->s[$j + 1];
$this->s[$j + 1] = $cs * $this->s[$j + 1];
if ($wantv) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$t = $cs * $this->V[$i][$j] + $sn * $this->V[$i][$j + 1];
$this->V[$i][$j + 1] = -$sn * $this->V[$i][$j] + $cs * $this->V[$i][$j + 1];
$this->V[$i][$j] = $t;
}
}
$t = hypo($f, $g);
$cs = $f / $t;
$sn = $g / $t;
$this->s[$j] = $t;
$f = $cs * $e[$j] + $sn * $this->s[$j + 1];
$this->s[$j + 1] = -$sn * $e[$j] + $cs * $this->s[$j + 1];
$g = $sn * $e[$j + 1];
$e[$j + 1] = $cs * $e[$j + 1];
if ($wantu && $j < $this->m - 1) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$t = $cs * $this->U[$i][$j] + $sn * $this->U[$i][$j + 1];
$this->U[$i][$j + 1] = -$sn * $this->U[$i][$j] + $cs * $this->U[$i][$j + 1];
$this->U[$i][$j] = $t;
}
}
}
$e[$p - 2] = $f;
$iter = $iter + 1;
break;
// Convergence.
// Convergence.
case 4:
// Make the singular values positive.
if ($this->s[$k] <= 0.0) {
$this->s[$k] = $this->s[$k] < 0.0 ? -$this->s[$k] : 0.0;
if ($wantv) {
for ($i = 0; $i <= $pp; ++$i) {
$this->V[$i][$k] = -$this->V[$i][$k];
}
}
}
// Order the singular values.
while ($k < $pp) {
if ($this->s[$k] >= $this->s[$k + 1]) {
break;
}
$t = $this->s[$k];
$this->s[$k] = $this->s[$k + 1];
$this->s[$k + 1] = $t;
if ($wantv and $k < $this->n - 1) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->n; ++$i) {
$t = $this->V[$i][$k + 1];
$this->V[$i][$k + 1] = $this->V[$i][$k];
$this->V[$i][$k] = $t;
}
}
if ($wantu and $k < $this->m - 1) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
$t = $this->U[$i][$k + 1];
$this->U[$i][$k + 1] = $this->U[$i][$k];
$this->U[$i][$k] = $t;
}
}
++$k;
}
$iter = 0;
--$p;
break;
}
// end switch
}
// end while
}