/**
* Define a short syllable in a word as either (a) a vowel followed by a non-vowel other than w, x or Y and preceded by a non-vowel,
* or * (b) a vowel at the beginning of the word followed by a non-vowel.
*
* So rap, trap, entrap end with a short syllable, and ow, on, at are classed as short syllables.
* But uproot, bestow, disturb do not end with a short syllable.
*/
private function searchShortSyllabe($from, $nbLetters)
{
$length = Utf8::strlen($this->word);
if ($from < 0) {
$from = $length + $from;
}
if ($from < 0) {
$from = 0;
}
// (a) is just for beginning of the word
if ($nbLetters == 2 && $from != 0) {
return false;
}
$first = Utf8::substr($this->word, $from, 1);
$second = Utf8::substr($this->word, $from + 1, 1);
if ($nbLetters == 2) {
if (in_array($first, self::$vowels) && !in_array($second, self::$vowels)) {
return true;
}
}
$third = Utf8::substr($this->word, $from + 2, 1);
if (!in_array($first, self::$vowels) && in_array($second, self::$vowels) && !in_array($third, array_merge(self::$vowels, array('x', 'Y', 'w')))) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Used by spanish, italian, portuguese, etc (but not by french)
*
* If the second letter is a consonant, RV is the region after the next following vowel,
* or if the first two letters are vowels, RV is the region after the next consonant,
* and otherwise (consonant-vowel case) RV is the region after the third letter.
* But RV is the end of the word if these positions cannot be found.
*/
protected function rv()
{
$length = Utf8::strlen($this->word);
$this->rv = '';
$this->rvIndex = $length;
if ($length < 3) {
return true;
}
$first = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, 1);
$second = Utf8::substr($this->word, 1, 1);
// If the second letter is a consonant, RV is the region after the next following vowel,
if (!in_array($second, static::$vowels)) {
for ($i = 2; $i < $length; $i++) {
$letter = Utf8::substr($this->word, $i, 1);
if (in_array($letter, static::$vowels)) {
$this->rvIndex = $i + 1;
$this->rv = Utf8::substr($this->word, $i + 1);
return true;
}
}
}
// or if the first two letters are vowels, RV is the region after the next consonant,
if (in_array($first, static::$vowels) && in_array($second, static::$vowels)) {
for ($i = 2; $i < $length; $i++) {
$letter = Utf8::substr($this->word, $i, 1);
if (!in_array($letter, static::$vowels)) {
$this->rvIndex = $i + 1;
$this->rv = Utf8::substr($this->word, $i + 1);
return true;
}
}
}
// and otherwise (consonant-vowel case) RV is the region after the third letter.
if (!in_array($first, static::$vowels) && in_array($second, static::$vowels)) {
$this->rv = Utf8::substr($this->word, 3);
$this->rvIndex = 3;
return true;
}
}
/**
* Step 5
*/
public function step5()
{
// If the word ends with one of "e é ê" in RV, delete it, and if preceded by gu (or ci) with the u (or i) in RV, delete the u (or i).
if ($this->searchIfInRv(array('e', 'é', 'ê')) !== false) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, -1);
if (($position2 = $this->search(array('gu', 'ci'))) !== false) {
if ($this->inRv($position2 + 1)) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, -1);
}
}
return true;
} else {
if ($this->search(array('ç')) !== false) {
$this->word = preg_replace('#(ç)$#u', 'c', $this->word);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* Step 4: undouble vowel
* If the words ends CVD, where C is a non-vowel, D is a non-vowel other than I, and V is double a, e, o or u,
* remove one of the vowels from V (for example, maan -> man, brood -> brod).
*/
private function step4()
{
// D is a non-vowel other than I
$d = Utf8::substr($this->word, -1, 1);
if (in_array($d, array_merge(self::$vowels, array('I')))) {
return false;
}
// V is double a, e, o or u
$v = Utf8::substr($this->word, -3, 2);
if (!in_array($v, array('aa', 'ee', 'oo', 'uu'))) {
return false;
}
$singleV = Utf8::substr($v, 0, 1);
// C is a non-vowel
$c = Utf8::substr($this->word, -4, 1);
if (in_array($c, self::$vowels)) {
return false;
}
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, -4);
$this->word .= $c . $singleV . $d;
}
/**
* Step 3a
* Delete a final a, e, i, o, à, è, ì or ò if it is in RV, and a preceding i if it is in RV
*/
private function step3a()
{
if ($this->searchIfInRv(array('a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'à', 'è', 'ì', 'ò')) !== false) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, -1);
if ($this->searchIfInRv(array('i')) !== false) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, -1);
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Step 3: residual suffix
* Search for the longest among the following suffixes in RV, and perform the action indicated.
*/
private function step3()
{
// os a o á í ó
// delete if in RV
if (($position = $this->searchIfInRv(array('os', 'a', 'o', 'á', 'í', 'ó'))) != false) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position);
return true;
}
// e é
// delete if in RV, and if preceded by gu with the u in RV delete the u
if (($position = $this->searchIfInRv(array('e', 'é'))) != false) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position);
if (($position2 = $this->searchIfInRv(array('u'))) != false) {
$before = Utf8::substr($this->word, $position2 - 1, 1);
if (isset($before) && $before == 'g') {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position2);
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* Step 4: Removal of final vowel
*/
public function step4()
{
// Search for the longest among the suffixes "a e i ie ă " and, if it is in RV, delete it.
if (($position = $this->search(array('a', 'ie', 'e', 'i', 'ă'))) !== false) {
if ($this->inRv($position)) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position);
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* Step 3: d-suffixes
*/
public function step3()
{
// end ung
// delete if in R2
// if preceded by ig, delete if in R2 and not preceded by e
if (($position = $this->search(array('end', 'ung'))) !== false) {
if ($this->inR2($position)) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position);
}
if (($position2 = $this->search(array('ig'))) !== false) {
$before = $position2 - 1;
$letter = Utf8::substr($this->word, $before, 1);
if ($this->inR2($position2) && $letter != 'e') {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position2);
}
}
return true;
}
// ig ik isch
// delete if in R2 and not preceded by e
if (($position = $this->search(array('ig', 'ik', 'isch'))) !== false) {
$before = $position - 1;
$letter = Utf8::substr($this->word, $before, 1);
if ($this->inR2($position) && $letter != 'e') {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position);
}
return true;
}
// lich heit
// delete if in R2
// if preceded by er or en, delete if in R1
if (($position = $this->search(array('lich', 'heit'))) != false) {
if ($this->inR2($position)) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position);
}
if (($position2 = $this->search(array('er', 'en'))) !== false) {
if ($this->inR1($position2)) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position2);
}
}
return true;
}
// keit
// delete if in R2
// if preceded by lich or ig, delete if in R2
if (($position = $this->search(array('keit'))) != false) {
if ($this->inR2($position)) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position);
}
if (($position2 = $this->search(array('lich', 'ig'))) !== false) {
if ($this->inR2($position2)) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position2);
}
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* If the word begins with two vowels, RV is the region after the third letter,
* otherwise the region after the first vowel not at the beginning of the word,
* or the end of the word if these positions cannot be found.
* (Exceptionally, par, col or tap, at the begining of a word is also taken to define RV as the region to their right.)
*/
protected function rv()
{
$length = Utf8::strlen($this->word);
$this->rv = '';
$this->rvIndex = $length;
if ($length < 3) {
return true;
}
// If the word begins with two vowels, RV is the region after the third letter
$first = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, 1);
$second = Utf8::substr($this->word, 1, 1);
if (in_array($first, self::$vowels) && in_array($second, self::$vowels)) {
$this->rv = Utf8::substr($this->word, 3);
$this->rvIndex = 3;
return true;
}
// (Exceptionally, par, col or tap, at the begining of a word is also taken to define RV as the region to their right.)
$begin3 = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, 3);
if (in_array($begin3, array('par', 'col', 'tap'))) {
$this->rv = Utf8::substr($this->word, 3);
$this->rvIndex = 3;
return true;
}
// otherwise the region after the first vowel not at the beginning of the word,
for ($i = 1; $i < $length; $i++) {
$letter = Utf8::substr($this->word, $i, 1);
if (in_array($letter, self::$vowels)) {
$this->rv = Utf8::substr($this->word, $i + 1);
$this->rvIndex = $i + 1;
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* Step 3:
* Search for the longest among the following suffixes in R1, and if found, delete.
*/
private function step3()
{
// leg eleg ig eig lig elig els lov elov slov hetslov
if (($position = $this->searchIfInR1(array('hetslov', 'eleg', 'elov', 'slov', 'elig', 'eig', 'lig', 'els', 'lov', 'leg', 'ig'))) !== false) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position);
}
}
/**
* Step 3:
* Search for the longest among the following suffixes in R1, and perform the action indicated.
*/
private function step3()
{
// lig ig els
// delete
if (($position = $this->searchIfInR1(array('lig', 'ig', 'els'))) !== false) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, $position);
return true;
}
// löst
// replace with lös
if ($this->searchIfInR1(array('löst')) !== false) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, -1);
return true;
}
// fullt
// replace with full
if ($this->searchIfInR1(array('fullt')) !== false) {
$this->word = Utf8::substr($this->word, 0, -1);
return true;
}
}
