function upsidedowntriangle() { $rowLimit1 = 4; for ($i = 0; $i < $this->size; $i++) { for ($t = 0; $t < $rowLimit1; $t++) { echo $this->stars[$i][$t]; } echo "\n"; $rowLimit1--; // changed variable to -- to decrease by 1 * } } } $maker = new ShapeMaker(4); //print_r ($maker->stars);// using maker var cause outside of class, oppose to using $this which is inside $maker->backwardstriangle(); $maker->upsidedowntriangle(); $maker->triangle(); //calling the function, creating it is only declaring it ?>