<?php

// What is the output of the following code?
function byReference(&$variable = 5)
{
    echo $variable++;
}
byReference();
<?php

function byReference(&$array)
{
    foreach ($array as &$item) {
        $item['nanana'] = 'batman';
        $item['superhero'] = 'robin';
    }
}
$array = [['superhero' => 'superman', 'nanana' => 'no nana'], ['superhero' => 'acuaman', 'nanana' => 'no nana']];
var_dump(array_column($array, 'superhero'));
byReference($array);
var_dump(array_column($array, 'superhero'));